Improvement in apparatus for heating buildings



2 Sheets-Sheet 1 J. JOHNSON. Apparatus for Heating Buildings.

No. 207,422. Patented Aug. 27.1878.

2 Sheets--Sheet. 2.

J. JOHNSON. Apparatus for Heating; Building-s.

Nd..207,422. Patented Aug. 27, 1878.

TAT-Es" PATENT OFFICE.

JONATHAN JonNsoN, or LOWELL, MASSACHUSETTS.

iMFROVE-MENTJN Al Menus on HEAri-Ne BUILDINGS.

specificatioii forming part of Letters Patent No. 267,422., dated August 27, 1878; application filed June '13, 1878.

.To all whom itmay concern:

v Be it kno n that I, JONATHAN JOHNSON, of the city of Lowell, county of Middlesex, and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements .in Apparatus for Heating Buildings by-Wat'er and Steam, of which the following is such a full and exact description as will enable others "skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompany ing drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which similar letters indicate correspondin g parts iiithe difi'erent figures. I

This invention is especiallydesigned as an improvement upon the steam heater and apparatus for which a patent, No. 15 7,'- 608, was. grantedto me on the 8th day of December,

1874.; and consists in the construction and combination of the different parts constitutsing the apparatus, as will be hereinafter fully described, and then specifically pointed out in the claims.

shows a modification of the'circulating apparatus, arranged in a slightly different manner for accomplishing the same -result.

V Theheater is constructed in a manner similar to that described in I the Letters Patent heretofore named; but I prefer "to place the hollow annularring or reservoir A, which forms the water receiving reservoir of the heater, and is connected by the vertical tubes a a with the ring A, above the fire-pot, in order to relieve the fuel from the chilling contact of the pipes filled with the comparatively cold water as it enters the reservoir A, the firepot being lined with fire-brick or thick plates of cast-iron, which retainjand prevent side radiationof thc'heat ,-thus enabling the fire to be kept in much better condition than would be possible were the fuel directly against the water-containing portion.

The supply of water for the apparatus is received from any outside source which gives waterpasses into the reservoirA of the heater, thence upward through the tubes a a to the reservoir or ring A, and from this by an educ- -tion-tnbe, c, to the separating pipe-chamber 0.

It is well knownthat water may be heated under pressure andin a confinedspace above the boiling-point without bein g converted into steam; but when the pressure is removed, -or the space enlarged, it, or a portion of it, instantly becomes steam and fills the vacant space. It is therefore apparent that when the water in the tank or chamber 0 reaches the level of that in the supply-tank B it will rise no higher, as through the intercommunication ofthe circulating-pipes it meets the equal pressure from above. The vacant space in the tank, pipe,- or chamber 0 will therefore beinstantly filled with steam of a heatcorresponding to the pressure of water under which the apparatus isworking. This steam is then conducted through the, pipe f to the steam-heatin g coil D, after passing through which it returns as condensed steam or water through the pipe g to the water-circulation below, hereinafter to be described.

f It is evident that as many eduction-pipes c for carrying steam from the heater to heatingcoils in different parts of a building may be employed as is needed, or the heater has power to supply. The pipe 6, which leaves the reservoir A, and connects with the pipe h below the tank 0, serves to make a direct connection between theheater and the hot-water circulation, which traverses back and forth through the pipes k upon a constantlydescending plane until it discharges into the supply-pipe c, and through it is returned to the heater, thus forming a complete steam and water circulation. An-additional draw-01f cock and pipe, m, may be placed at the lower end of the pipe ,h to assist in emptying the apparatus when necessary, and suitable vent-pipes I may be attached to the water-circulation wherever needed.

In the drawings, the heating-furnace is shown as located upon the same floor as the water-circulation, all above being heated by steam, but it will be evident that, were the heating-furnace placed one or two stories below the separating tank or chamber and regulator, the heat could be carriedgip to that point by the water-circulation, and to all points above it by the steam. Further, in case aless degree of heat is required than would be given out by the steam'and water heatedto the steam producing point, the whole circulation may be readily converted into a hotwater circulation instead of one in which both steam and hot water are used, and by regulating the fire and flow of water as small an amount of heat as could be required under any, circumstances may be imparted to the air of the rooms.

The modification shown in Fig.4 of the drawings shows an arrangement somewhat more simple than that heretofore described, but possessing substantially the same general features and producing thesame results. For separatin g the steam from the waterI have shown a tank, 0, which I prefer, although a pipe of uniform size may produce the same result.

In using this apparatus a great saving of radiated heat is gained over the common hotair furnace or steam-boilers, heating wholly by steam-coils, and it may be applied to and act in connection with the hot-air furnace, or even ordinary stoves, by introducing a heatingcoil or other water-heating device over the fire. Ilaving thus described my invention, Ielaim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, the following:

1. The combination of the steam-radiatorD and hot-water radiator K, provided with the open-ended tube 1, with the connectin g-pipe g,

substantially as shown and described.

JONATHAN JOHNSON.

Witnesses:

JOHN H. McALvrN, HENRY J. MoALvrN. 

